Sisi Museum Vienna

Empress Sisi
In the footsteps of Austria’s free-spirited empress

Of all the Habsburgs, none is as famous as Empress Elisabeth of Austria. Even 125 years after her death, the fascination with Sisi’s life remains undiminished.

In the footsteps of the empress: Sisi's favorite places

Sisi's presence can still be felt in many places throughout Austria, especially in the original living rooms of numerous palaces and villas. As Empress, Sisi avoided public life, preferring to travel rather than participate in public ceremonies.

It's no surprise that Sisi often commuted between the Hofburg and Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna, Innsbruck’s Hofburg, Leopoldskron Palace in Salzburg, Laxenburg Palace, and the imperial villa in Ischl—or made stops on her way to far-off destinations.

In these places, Sisi not only found a sense of the freedom she longed for, but they also reminded her of times past: meeting her future husband, Franz Joseph I, in Bad Ischl; the lavish engagement party at Schloss Leopoldskron, hosted by King Ludwig II for Sisi and Franz Joseph; her honeymoon and the birth of two of her daughters in Laxenburg; or her refuge, the Hermes Villa, built by her husband Emperor Franz Joseph to encourage her to stay longer in Vienna.

Anyone looking to follow in Sisi's footsteps can do so at Schloss Fuschl in SalzburgerLand, which served as the perfect filming location for the romantic love story of the imperial couple that made Romy Schneider and Karl Heinz Böhm superstars.

Empress Elisabeth with a diadem in a strapless dress. Oil painting, anonymous, 1882
Emperor Franz Joseph and Empress Elisabeth. Coloured litograph by Eduard Kaiser, 1857
Bad Ischl, Imperial Villa
Sisi Museum Vienna
Empress Elisabeth's original diamond star in the Sisi Museum
Image excerpt from the Sissi film trilogy - can be seen as part of the annual exhibition in the Theatermuseum Vienna
Chronology
BornDecember 24, 1837 in Munich as Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie von Wittelsbach, Duchess of Bavaria
DiedSeptember 10, 1898 in Geneva, Switzerland
EngagementAugust 18, 1853 in Bad Ischl
MarriageApril 24, 1854 in Vienna

A journey through Sisi's Austria

Bad Ischl, Imperial Villa
The Leopoldskron Palace in Salzburg
Laxenburg Castle
Schönbrunn Palace
Vienna Imperial Palace
Promenade concerts, Innsbruck
Fuschl Castle
Hermes Villa in the Lainz Game Reserve
"The Bavarian Rose." Card on the occasion of Emperor Franz Josephs and Empress Elisabeth' Wedding, Steel engraving from Josef Axmann, 1854

A fateful moment in history

The meeting of Sisi and Franz Joseph

Regardless, the suitcases containing their colorful summer wardrobe were nowhere to be found. Duchess Ludovika of Bavaria and her daughters, Helene and Elisabeth, were mourning a recently deceased aunt. As a result, they had to appear before the emperor dressed in black for their meeting on that fateful August 16, 1853. In Bad Ischl, a charming town in Austria's Salzburg Lake District, Helene was set to be introduced to His Majesty Franz Joseph I, ruler of the Habsburg Empire. Helene, a serious 17-year-old, appeared austere and ascetic in her dark attire. Franz Joseph greeted her, but his gaze quickly wandered to the lively young girl beside her. 15-year-old Sisi, who had merely accompanied her mother and sister on the journey, captured the emperor's heart at first sight.

Throughout history, fateful moments have turned beggars into kings, outlaws into heroes, and, in this case, a girl from a small Bavarian town into a legendary empress. The encounter in Bad Ischl was one such moment. Two days after their first meeting, Franz Joseph asked Elisabeth to marry him. Eight months later, their wedding took place in Vienna. Of all the Habsburgs, Austria’s longest-reigning dynasty, no figure remains as iconic as Sisi. Even 125 years after her death, she continues to outshine them all. Yet, despite her fame, historians still struggle to uncover the true personality behind the myth of Empress Sisi.

Bust of Empress Elisabeth as a bride. Plaster modell by Johann von Halbig, 1853

Her years at the Viennese court

An ill-fated marriage

From the very first day, the young and spirited empress felt caged by the rigid rituals of the Viennese court. The honeymoon at Laxenburg Palace turned into a disaster; the young emperor spent his days at his desk while his wife cried her heart out in the park.

A life of strict duties and ceremonies lay ahead. Over the following years, the couple moved between various courts and homes: from the Imperial Palace to Schönbrunn in Vienna, the Innsbruck Hofburg, Leopoldskron Castle in Salzburg, and Schloss Hof to the Imperial Villa in Bad Ischl. For Sisi, weeks of monotonous protocol turned into months, then years. The joy of a gilded life never materialized; she saw only restrictions and suffered under the control of the imperial court. Even the birth of their first daughter, Sophie Friederike, didn't change that. Tragically, Sophie died at the age of two. Later, Gisela was born, and soon after, people cheered the birth of Rudolf, the heir to the throne. By the age of 21, Sisi was a mother of three, but her children grew up lonely and largely without her presence.

Guided by her independent spirit, she rebelled against the court's expectations and yearned for emancipation. Sisi neither aspired to be a devoted wife, a doting mother, nor a representative figure of the vast empire. Franz Joseph accommodated her unorthodox desires as far as his position and sense of tradition allowed, but it wasn’t enough. Sisi fell ill, feeling trapped in a golden cage, and eventually, she broke free.

Empress Elisabeth Monument in the Volksgarten, Vienna

Restless Travels

Empress Elisabeth's wanderlust

Her hasty departure from Vienna to Corfu marked the beginning of a lifelong odyssey. Elisabeth would remain on the move for the rest of her life. She wandered restlessly from spa town to spa town, never staying more than a few weeks. Sisi had a deep love for the sea, sailed through the worst storms, and even had an anchor tattooed on her shoulder.

During the day, she followed a strict fitness routine (her maids often had to be picked up by carriage because they could no longer keep pace with the empress) — she was regarded as the finest horsewoman in the world.

She eventually stopped allowing portraits of herself: the last photograph shows her at 30, and the last painting at 40. Later in life, no one but her chambermaids saw her face, which she always kept hidden behind a veil, fan, or umbrella.

Franz-Joseph-Vault in Vienna

Elisabeth's tragic death

The Last Chapter

The empress's death in 1898 was as unusual as her life. Sisi did not notice her injury at first. On the banks of Lake Geneva, an assassin thrust a sharpened file into her heart. Elisabeth thought the man had merely knocked her over, and she straightened up, apologised to passers-by for her mishap, and hurried with her chambermaid to the ship in which she was about to sail across the lake. It was only on board that the empress collapsed.

"What actually happened?" were her last words. Minutes later, the woman who was to become the most famous of all Habsburgs died at the age of 60. Only a single drop of blood stained her dress. It was black, just like the one she had worn on that fateful day in Bad Ischl. 

5 secrets of Empress Sisi

Image excerpt from the Sissi film trilogy - can be seen as part of the annual exhibition in the Theatermuseum Vienna

Romy Schneider as "Sisi"

Film adaptation of Sisi's life

The romance, in the beginning, her desire for self-determination and independence, the eccentricities of her later life, as well as her tragic love for Franz Joseph made Elisabeth of Austria a Habsburg celebrity.

In the 1950s, the trilogy with Romy Schneider made Sisi world famous. Television films and a musical followed.

In 2022, Netflix launched a new series about Austria's most famous empress: 'The Empress,' taking us to the early years of Sisi's and Emperor Franz Joseph's marriage.

In May of 2022, the movie drama 'Corsage' premiered at the Cannes Film Festival and has since then collected international awards in several categories, foremost for the performance of Vicky Krieps as the ageing empress.

K&K court purveyors and Sisi's favorite dishes

Sisi followed a strict fitness regime and diet, never weighing more than 47 kg / 103 lbs. She only made a few exceptions for her favourites, like violet ice cream from Demel, the court confectioner, and the famous Sacher Cake from Hotel Sacher in Vienna.
Sisi Museum Vienna
Empress Elisabeth's original diamond star in the Sisi Museum
Sisi's most famous jewelry

Sisi had 27 hair stars made from diamonds and pearls by jeweller A.E. Köchert. She gifted some to her ladies-in-waiting, while others were passed down within the family.

The hair ornaments are immortalized in Franz Xaver Winterhalter's famous portrait of the empress. Her granddaughter, Archduchess Elisabeth, wore the stars at her wedding in 1902.

FAQ

Sisi was born on December 24, 1837, in Munich as Elisabeth Amalie Eugenie von Wittelsbach, Duchess of Bavaria. During a stay in Geneva, the empress was assassinated by anarchist Luigi Lucheni on September 10, 1898, at the age of 60.

On his 23rd birthday, August 18, 1853, Emperor Franz Joseph asked the 15-year-old Elisabeth to marry him in Bad Ischl.

At the age of 16, Sisi married Emperor Franz Joseph on April 24, 1854, in the Augustinian Church in Vienna.

The imperial couple had four children – three daughters and one son.

Among other residences, Sisi lived in the Imperial Apartments of the Vienna Hofburg and Schönbrunn Palace.

She spent her honeymoon and gave birth to two of her children at Laxenburg in Lower Austria.

At the imperial villa in Bad Ischl, the family’s traditional summer residence, Sisi enjoyed the warm months away from Vienna. She only stayed at Innsbruck's Hofburg while passing through on her way to Merano.

Sisi pursued her own personal ideal of beauty through sports and strict diets. She never weighed more than 47 kg / 103 lbs. On some days, it is said she ate no more than two oranges and a portion of violet ice cream, a sorbet delicacy she ordered from K&K Imperial Court Confectionery Demel in Vienna, where you can still enjoy the violet ice cream today.

Sisi was once a guest at Café Sacher, where she caused a stir by eating a slice of their famous Sachertorte. An original bill still attests to this notable visit.

If you're in Bad Ischl, be sure to stop by Café Zauner to try violet pastilles with chocolate icing. The former K&K purveyor to the court continues to make Sisi's favourite dish today, just as it did during the imperial era.

This might also be interesting

Discover the Best of Austria

Sign up for our newsletter and enjoy exclusive access to:

  • Insider tips for your next Austrian holiday

  • Delicious recipes

  • Must-see events and cultural highlights

  • Special travel deals and offers

I have read the privacy policy and accept it.